Everything about Frederick The Wise totally explained
Frederick III, Elector of Saxony (
January 17,
1463 –
May 5,
1525), also known as
Frederick the Wise, was
Elector of
Saxony (from the
House of Wettin) from
1486 to his death. Frederick was the son of
Ernest, Elector of Saxony and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of
Albert III, Duke of Bavaria. He is notable as being one of the most powerful early defenders of
Martin Luther,
Lutheranism, and the
Protestant Reformation. He is commemorated as a Christian ruler in the
Calendar of Saints of the
Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod on
May 5.
Biography
Born in
Torgau, he succeeded his father as
elector in 1486; in
1502, he founded the
University of Wittenberg, where
Martin Luther and
Philipp Melanchthon taught.
Frederick was among the princes who pressed the need of reform upon Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and in 1500 he became president of the newly-formed council of regency (Reichsregiment).
Frederick was
Pope Leo X's candidate for
Holy Roman Emperor in
1519 — the pope had awarded him the
Golden Rose of virtue on
September 3,
1518 — but he helped secure the election of
Charles V. Frederick ensured
Luther would be heard before the
Diet of Worms in
1521 and subsequently secured an exemption from the
Edict of Worms for Saxony.
He protected Martin Luther from the
Pope's enforcement of the edict by taking him into custody at
Wartburg Castle following the Diet of Worms. The emperor didn't pursue the issue because his attention became focused upon other issues of the time.
Frederick died unmarried at Langau, near Annaberg, in 1525 and was buried in the Schlosskirche at
Wittenberg with a grave by
Peter Vischer the Younger. He was succeeded by his brother
Duke John the Constant as Elector of Saxony.
Ancestors
Further Information
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